The impact of COVID-19 on migrant women in son Gotleu (Palma) and the development of outreach tools to improve health and social care.

AIMS: The objectives of this research protocol are as follows: to examine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and social care for migrant women in the Son Gotleu district of Palma de Mallorca, Spain, and to develop outreach tools to target this specific group. DESIGN: This is a qualitative study that uses content analysis to obtain in-depth knowledge of personal experience (manifest content) and contextual experience (latent content) in a specific social setting. METHODS: The study population are migrant women living in Son Gotleu district, who are segmented by their age and experience of COVID-19, defined as positive or negative according to whether or not they have been infected with the disease. RESULTS: The shortcomings and needs relating to communication and health care that affect this group's current and future quality of life will be identified. CONCLUSION: The study of migrant women offers a gateway allowing vulnerability in health care to be detected. An awareness of their needs will allow prototype tools to be developed to facilitate communication and care for general and acute health needs between the scientific community and the vulnerable population.

Factors related to the development of health-promoting community activities in Spanish primary healthcare: two case-control studies.

OBJECTIVE: Spanish primary healthcare teams have the responsibility of performing health-promoting community activities (CAs), although such activities are not widespread. Our aim was to identify the factors related to participation in those activities. DESIGN: Two case-control studies. SETTING: Performed in primary care of five Spanish regions. SUBJECTS: In the first study, cases were teams that performed health-promoting CAs and controls were those that did not. In the second study (on case teams from the first study), cases were professionals who developed these activities and controls were those who did not. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Team, professional and community characteristics collected through questionnaires (team managers/professionals) and from secondary sources. RESULTS: The first study examined 203 teams (103 cases, 100 controls). Adjusted factors associated with performing CAs were percentage of nurses (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.14), community socioeconomic status (higher vs lower OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.18 to 3.95) and performing undergraduate training (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.93). In the second study, 597 professionals responded (254 cases, 343 controls). Adjusted factors were professional classification (physicians do fewer activities than nurses and social workers do more), training in CAs (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.1), team support (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.5 to 5.7), seniority (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.09), nursing tutor (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.5), motivation (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.8 to 7.5), collaboration with non-governmental organisations (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.1) and participation in neighbourhood activities (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.9 to 5.1). CONCLUSIONS: Professional personal characteristics, such as social sensitivity, profession, to feel team support or motivation, have influence in performing health-promoting CAs. In contrast to the opinion expressed by many professionals, workload is not related to performance of health-promoting CAs.

[Smoking among nursing and physical therapy students of the University of the Balearic Islands: opinions on regulation of smoking in public places]. / Hábito tabáquico entre los estudiantes de enfermería y fisioterapia de la Universitat de les Illes Balears: opinión ante la regulación del consumo en lugares públicos.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence, opinions and attitudes of nursing and physical therapy students at the University of the Balearic Islands toward smoking in public places and the influence of regulatory policies. METHOD: We performed a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study using a self-administered questionnaire. The survey was designed to evaluate opinions on and the degree of agreement with smoking and regulatory policies on this issue. The assessment was performed using Likert scales. The survey was offered to all students attending class in the core subject with the greatest number of enrolled students on a normal academic day between February 15 and March 15, 2006. We calculated 95% confidence intervals for proportions. The Chi square test was used to compare qualitative variables and Student's t-test was used for quantitative variables. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 345 students, 82.2% of whom were women. The mean age was 21.9 years. The prevalence of regular smokers was 26.1% (26.9% among women and 22.6% among men). Almost all (93.8%) of the respondents agreed that smoking should be banned in closed spaces in educational institutions and 70.9% believed that the law should be complied with at the University of the Balearic Islands, with differences between 2003 and 2006. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking was less prevalent in our population than in the general regional and national populations, as well as in other Spanish nursing students of the same age and gender. The prevalence of occasional smokers has fallen since 2003. Most students had a favorable view of the new Smoking Prevention Act.